Jim Lewis

Why Randomize
Our goal is to thoroughly test a design. For some designs, directed testing will get the job done.

For some designs, there are too many variations to be able to test every variation in the system. Variations can be a multiplying factor in testing a design. If the design can limit the variations in the system, the system can…[Read more]

Implementing Transactions
The behavior of a transaction can either be implemented in a verification component (VC) or in the subprogram body (as SendCmd above suggests). Note the acronym BFM means bus functional model and can refer to either a VC or subprogram body. BFM means the model implements only the interface behavior and not internal…[Read more]

Lets address, 2. Identifying Transactions:

A transaction is an abstract representation of an atomic action on an interface. For a UART transmitter, it is sending one word on the interface. For an Axi4Lite interface, it is Write and Read operations on the interface.

For the simple interface we look at in our Comprehensive VHDL…[Read more]

Hi Dave,
I suspect a proper response to this may end up being a couple of blog posts in length. Lets start with a couple of references:

Comprehensive Functional Verification by Bruce Wile, John Goss, and Wolfgang Roesner covers test plans. I have not read the whole book. It is on my some day maybe list.

Peet James Snug 2000 paper on…[Read more]

The X”DEADBEUU” you are seeing is due to the masking of the lower byte.

Hi Adam,
If you are using the OSVVM Axi4Lite VC, the best way to get word addresses is to just throw away the lower address bits and do full word writes to the interface. Hence, the transaction calls would still use the addresses X”0000″, X”0004″, X”0008″, …, but since you are throwing away the lower two address bits, the memory would see it…[Read more]

Hi Adam,
Is your question, how do you connect AXI4 up to a memory that only supports word addressing? The memory would ignore the lower bits of address that correspond to the byte addresses and it would ignore strb totally. If there is a write data operation as signified by Valid and Ready, then all 32 bits get written into memory. There is…[Read more]

Hi Adam,
I am not sure what that means. What are you trying to do? In Axi4Lite, strb is a byte strobe that indicates the corresponding 8 bits is part of the write. The strb will be active when Valid is active. This may be multiple clock cycles if Ready is not also active.

Does the dpRAM only accept full 32 bit writes? Maybe this device…[Read more]

Hi Adam,
The AxiStreamTransmitter and AxiStreamReceiver both have randomization in them. There is a corresponding test case that has good examples in it, TbStream_SendGetRandom1.vhd. You can find it in OsvvmLibraries/AXI4/AxiStream/TestCases. It was just updated (meaning just before this post) to better show the different use models for…[Read more]